Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviour Disorders in ICD-11

Direct answer

Recurrent hair pulling, skin picking or related behaviours that cause damage, distress or impairment. It belongs to the ICD-11 family of obsessive-compulsive or related disorders. The classification describes a clinically significant pattern, not an identity, moral judgement or explanation for every difficulty a person experiences.

What a qualified professional may explore

The assessment may consider urges, triggers, attempts to stop, dermatological effects and automatic versus focused patterns. The clinician also asks how the pattern developed, how it affects ordinary life, which strengths and supports are present, and whether another mental, physical, neurological, developmental, sleep, medicine or substance-related explanation fits better.

Information from family, carers, school or work may be useful only with appropriate consent or another lawful basis. Culture, language, disability and communication needs should be considered explicitly.

Assessment and tests

Physical complications may need GP or dermatology care alongside psychological assessment. Questionnaires may support screening or track severity, but they do not independently assign an ICD-11 diagnosis. Blood tests, imaging or other investigations are used only where a physical or treatment-safety question justifies them.

When to seek help

Seek a GP or qualified mental-health assessment when the pattern is persistent, worsening, causes substantial distress, restricts daily life or affects relationships, study, work, nutrition, sleep, finances or safety. Earlier support is appropriate when there is rapid change, developmental concern, pregnancy or postpartum onset, substance withdrawal or significant physical symptoms.

What iMetaWellness can and cannot provide

iMetaWellness can help a person organise observations, identify practical wellbeing pressures, prepare questions and support routines alongside appropriate healthcare. It does not confirm Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviour Disorders, provide a coding opinion or replace evidence-based clinical care.

Related resources

Official sources

• WHO: ICD-11 Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Requirements
• WHO: ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics

Scope, safety and urgent help

iMetaWellness provides complementary wellbeing information and reflective support. It does not diagnose a mental disorder, select investigations, interpret results as a medical opinion, prescribe treatment or replace a GP, psychiatrist, psychologist, pharmacist or NHS service. A test is useful only when a qualified professional has a clear question and a plan for acting on the result.

If someone may act on suicidal thoughts, cannot remain safe, has severe confusion, new psychosis, collapse, seizure, chest pain or another immediate danger, call 999 or attend A&E. For urgent concerns that are not immediately life-threatening, contact NHS 111, the person’s GP, mental-health team or local crisis service.